Older
pets may have more difficulty getting around in
cold and inclement weather. They are more susceptible to
physical stress and generally have less strength than
a younger animal. Arthritis, cardiac and lung diseases
and other systemic conditions will be affected by cold
air as breathing becomes more difficult. Additionally,
smaller fat reserves make an older pet more susceptible
to hypothermia, so leaving older animals outside, even
if they seem to like it, should be carefully monitored.
Here are some ideas for caring for our geriatric friends
in cold weather:
- If pets are housed outside, provide a warm insulated
enclosure and plenty of fresh water. Replace frozen water
frequently or use a heating device to keep buckets from
freezing. Dog houses should be large enough for a pet to
move around comfortably but small enough to retain body
heat. Bedding such as blankets or straw will provide another
way to maintain body heat. The door or opening should face
away from wind and a flap or cover will help prevent drafts.
During severely cold or extended cold spells, pets should
be moved indoors; older pets will not be able to stay warm
regardless of the shelter.
- Keep geriatrics up and moving. Stiffness and
pain from arthritis and other joint conditions will restrict
the amount of exercise an older pet can handle; however,
lying too long in one place generates more stiffness and
makes it even harder for them to get up and move around.
Short walks several times a day will help keep joints flexible.
Be sure to give any medication prescribed by your veterinarian.
Missed doses will increase pain and lethargy.
- Protect your pet from poisons. Winter leads to
increased use of antifreeze in vehicles, salt and de-icing
products. Many of these chemicals are toxic if ingested
and it doesn’t take much to make a dog sick. Wipe
off or rinse feet after walking if there’s a chance
that any of these poisons could be on your dog’s
paws. Dogs always lie down to lick their feet clean after
coming in! Protect feet and pads from ice and snow. Commercially
made booties are available to protect from frostbite and
snow or ice between the pads. Groomers will also shave
out the hair from between pads and this helps prevent snow
or ice from accumulating.
- Accidents from slips and falls happen with dogs
as well as people. Older dogs are often unsteady and can
fall over chunks of snow or slide on ice. Walk geriatric
pets in the safest areas where no ice or little snow covers
pathways. Shovel snow away to make an area for dogs to
relieve themselves without having to struggle through a
drift. Older dogs also can have poor eyesight and may
not be able to distinguish a frozen pond from snow-covered
ground, so monitor outdoor activities.
This article is provided as a general overview of the topic.
Always consult your veterinarian for specific information
related to diseases or medical care for pets.
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